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To cut through some of the confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code which represents ownership of an electronic concept kind of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you have bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, like a bank or payment gateway. It is created and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the very first instance of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing strength class which shares some features of traditional currencies, with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto proposed bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment method based on mathematical proof. The idea was to produce a means of exchange, independent of any central power, which could be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way.
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Bitcoin can be used to pay for things electronically, if the two parties are willing. In that sense, its similar to conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is that it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It's maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of committed servers spread around the globe. This brings individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin simplifies the dual spending issue of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can readily be copied and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. Together with bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can try to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of this currency (and notably citizens with very little alternative) keep the cost.
Even though senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to abide by anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in concept operate in semi-anonymity. Since there is no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is filed, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin in addition to the ability to send them.
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In practice, each user is identified by the address of his or her pocket. Transactions can, with a little effort, be monitored this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify consumers if necessary.
Additionally, most exchanges are required by law home to perform identity checks on their customers before they're permitted to purchase or sell bitcoin, facilitating another manner that bitcoin usage can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the advancement of a specific transaction is observable to all.
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This is because there is no central adjudicator that can say ok, return the money. If a transaction is listed on the network, and if more than an hour has passed, then it's impossible to modify.
While this may disquiet some, it will mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, roughly one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be utilized for, in addition to how you can buy, sell and store your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, as well as how its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this guide is for you. It will explain how the system operates, how you can use it to your gain, which scams to avoid. It is going to also guide you to resources that will enable you to shop and use your first pieces view of digital currency.